【注意】この授業は開講日程の都合上、成績が所定の確認日より後に公開される見込みが高いので留意すること。特に2年生は本科目の成績が進学選択が可能となる条件に含まれない見込が高いので、履修にあたっては十分に注意すること。 教養学部後期課程（理系）・統合自然科学科の「統合生命科学コース」には、ライフサイエンス研究の若きトップランナーが集結し、生命科学のフロンティアを開拓しています。本ゼミの履修学生は、最先端の研究を展開している研究室に数名ずつ配属され、未解明の研究課題に実際に取り組んでもらいます。 研究の進め方は教員と相談して決めます。研究室によって曜限を指定する場合、指定しない場合、集中して行う場合があります。セメスターの最後に、履修者全員が参加して成果報告会を開催する予定です。 統合生命科学コースの特徴は、先端性と多様性である。准教授が独立した研究室を運営できるため、２６もの研究室がある。その研究テーマは極めて多様であり、分子生物学や細胞生物学、植物生理学といった理学的な基礎研究から、神経科学、内分泌学といった医科学的な研究、そして、創薬などを目指した薬学・農学・工学的な研究まで多岐にわたる。ノーベル生理学・医学賞を受けたオートファジー研究が駒場で開始されたという事実が象徴するように、流行にとらわれない独創性の高い研究が行われている。実験や理論などのアプローチ法も多彩である。若き教員が柔軟な発想で、先端的でチャレンジングな研究テーマを選び、熱心に学生を指導するのみでなく、教員自らが現場に立って実験をしている研究室も多い。 生命科学およびその関連・融合分野に興味があり、新しい分野を切り拓きたいという熱い想いを持つ学生を歓迎する。また、文系から理系への転向を考えている学生も受講できる。教科書で学ぶことの先にある生命科学の最先端を体験して欲しい。

Please check the grading scale that applies to this course. If the Course Code ends without “- P/F”, this is a course with a letter grade (A+, A, B, C, F). If the Course Code ends with “-P/F”, this is a Pass/Fail Course The later Wittgenstein’s views about language and meaning, especially as presented in Philosophical Investigations, are among the most important arguments in twentieth century philosophy, exerting great influence not only over traditional philosophy, but also a diverse and widespread range of fields in the humanities, social sciences, and cognitive science. This course will focus on Wittgenstein’s transition from the theory of language as a logical picture of reality outlined in the Tractatus, still in essence a dominant view of language, to his later understanding of language and meaning in terms of language’s use in social “language games”. The three most significant arguments for the development of this general view in Philosophical Investigations will be studied: meaning as use; considerations about rule following and the consequences for intentionality and representation; the impossibility of a private language. A general understanding of the later Wittgenstein’s anti-theoretical philosophical method will emerge along with an understanding of the relevance of the later Wittgenstein for current philosophical questions about language.

Please check the grading scale that applies to this course. If the Course Code ends without “-P/F”, this is a course with a letter grade (A+, A, B, C, F). If the Course Code ends with “-P/F”, this is a Pass/Fail Course The later Wittgenstein’s views about language and meaning, especially as presented in Philosophical Investigations, are among the most important arguments in twentieth century philosophy, exerting great influence not only over traditional philosophy, but also a diverse and widespread range of fields in the humanities, social sciences, and cognitive science. This course will focus on Wittgenstein’s transition from the theory of language as a logical picture of reality outlined in the Tractatus, still in essence a dominant view of language, to his later understanding of language and meaning in terms of language’s use in social “language games”. The three most significant arguments for the development of this general view in Philosophical Investigations will be studied: meaning as use; considerations about rule following and the consequences for intentionality and representation; the impossibility of a private language. A general understanding of the later Wittgenstein’s anti-theoretical philosophical method will emerge along with an understanding of the relevance of the later Wittgenstein for current philosophical questions about language.

At the end of the course, the student should have familiarised with the key concepts informing epistemological and methodological debates in social science, such as hypothesis, theory, falsification, verification, covering law, causality, with particular consideration for positivistic paradigms and anti- or post-positivistic reactions. The student should be aware of the specific difficulties of social scientific disciplines in studying human societies arising from the problematic separation between the studied object and the studying subject, and the link between social science and the political dimension. He should familiarise with problems of social research design, starting from the specificities characterizing the various stages of social science research. The student should become aware of the functional classification of social science methods in qualitative and quantitative, familiarising with a number of techniques in both domains, while grasping that contemporary social research increasingly requires the application of different methods and interdisciplinary approaches, which also lead to the necessity of teamwork coordination. The course also aims at providing a large variety of examples where the concepts and principles described above find their application and didactic clarification. Those examples will focus in particular on the study of technology and its social impact. Finally, the student should become aware of the moral implications, limits and rules informing social science research, as well as of the role and importance of effective communication in the social sciences.

This course confronts philosophy's most profound questions about the human condition with data-driven insights from modern behavioral science. For millennia, philosophers have used reason and introspection to ask: What is knowledge? What does it mean to be moral? What is love and happiness? How to deal with human violence? How to be free? What is the self? In this class, we will place these classical debates about the human nature/condition in direct conversation with cognitive psychology, behavioral economics, and social/evolutionary psychology. We will explore how far science can answer philosophical questions. <<Learning Goals>> - Identify and articulate key classical philosophical problems in epistemology (knowledge), ethics (morality), and metaphysics (self, love, free will). - Explain core concepts from behavioral science, such as dual-process theory, cognitive biases, moral foundations theory, and affective forecasting, while reasoning about major philosophical inquiries. - Analyze how empirical findings from behavioral science challenge, support, or reframe traditional philosophical arguments. - Critically Evaluate the limits of both "armchair" philosophical reasoning and purely descriptive scientific data in addressing normative ("ought") questions. - Synthesize insights from both fields to develop more nuanced and empirically-grounded positions on complex human issues.

Statistics and biometrics have emerged as crucial disciplines not only in agricultural sciences but also in various other fields. This significance is primarily attributed to three factors: Firstly, advancements in data measurement techniques have facilitated the collection of extensive and diverse biological and agronomic data that were previously unattainable. Secondly, the evolution of data science methodologies has enabled the integration and modeling of such collected data. Thirdly, the enhancement of computational capabilities has empowered the utilization of these methodologies. These advancements have rendered statistical and biometric methods indispensable for extracting insights from the vast and varied biological and agronomic datasets. Throughout this lecture series, a diverse array of biological and agronomic datasets will serve as illustrative examples to demonstrate various analytical methods. Delivered in a hands-on format, utilizing R, Python, and Matlab, the aim is to equip students with practical analysis skills. The initial portion of the course, spanning the first one-third, will focus primarily on techniques for summarizing, visualizing, and modeling relationships within multivariate datasets. In the subsequent one-third, students will delve into linear models, linear mixed models, local regression, and nonlinear models. Finally, in the last segment, students will explore image analysis, machine learning, and deep learning methods. While the course will cover a broad spectrum of methods, ranging from introductory to advanced levels, the emphasis will be on developing the capability to independently conduct analyses rather than on elaborating on the theoretical underpinnings of the methods.

The course will take an intersectional approach to why we commonly find an underrepresentation of women in the "science" fields. The course will begin by addressing our own unconscious biases and stereotypes, and question the research behind male and female differences. We will cover the brief history of the underrepresentation of minorities and explore research articles on why and how women and other minorities have been excluded from STEM fields. We will primarily discuss how representation and the sense of belonging are important for diversity in the sciences to flourish. Students will be expected to read scientific articles, discuss them in class, and apply those concepts to examine their own social environments.

The course will take an intersectional approach to why we commonly find an underrepresentation of women in the “science” fields. The course will begin by addressing our own unconscious biases and stereotypes and question the research behind male and female differences. We will cover the brief history of the underrepresentation of minorities and explore research articles on why and how women and other minorities have been excluded from STEM fields. We will primarily discuss how representation and the sense of belonging are important for diversity in the sciences to flourish. Students will be expected to read scientific articles, discuss them in class, and apply those concepts to examine their own social environments.

Students will explore and debate questions about human experience from multiple perspectives as they discover influential works from cultures around the world, both ancient and modern. Students will develop critical approaches and analytical skills as they exchange ideas with peers, ask questions, and respond to works in different genres through a variety of expressive modes. The course will focus on four fundamental themes: love, identity, death, and the meaning of life.

Students will explore and debate questions about human experience from multiple perspectives as they discover influential works from cultures around the world, both ancient and modern. Students will develop critical approaches and analytical skills as they exchange ideas with peers, ask questions, and respond to works in different genres through a variety of expressive modes. The course will focus on four fundamental themes: love, identity, death, and the meaning of life.