（１）動物発生の基本的な現象と分子機構を学ぶ （２）モデル動物を用いた遺伝学的研究アプローチを学ぶ （３）個体レベルでの分子機能解析を医療分野との接点を交えて概説する　 本講義では、我々の体を作る発生のプロセスを概説する。多細胞生物は単なる細胞の集合体ではなく、個々の細胞が互いに相互作用をすることで分化し、組織を構築していく。細胞分裂、分化、細胞死、移動といった個々の細胞で見られる現象が多細胞体制の中でいかに協調して体作りに寄与しているかを学習することによって、多細胞社会からなる個体としての生命体の成り立ちを理解する。さらに、分子機能を個体レベルで理解するための遺伝学的な解析方法を学び、細胞レベルでの解析との相違点を理解する。 (1) To learn basic phenomena and molecular mechanisms of animal development (2) To learn genetic research approaches using model organisms (3) To outline the genetic analysis of molecular functions at the individual level. This topics will have the connection with the medical field. In this lecture, the developmental process that creates our bodies will be outlined. Multicellular organisms are not just a collection of cells, but individual cells differentiate and build tissues by interacting with each other. By learning how phenomena observed in individual cells, such as cell division, differentiation, cell death, and migration, cooperate in a multicellular system to contribute to body building, students will understand how a living organism, which is composed of a multicellular society, is formed as an individual. In addition, students will learn genetic methods to understand molecular functions at the individual level, and understand the differences from analysis at the cellular level.

What is for a person to live a good life, that is, a life that it good for the person? It is usually said that a good life consists in the happiness – or well-being – of the person. But what, then, is well-being? Philosophers have given various answers to this question, and raised challenges to the coherence or utility of the notion itself. This course will survey the major philosophical theories of well-being.

What is for a person to live a good life, that is, a life that it good for the person? It is usually said that a good life consists in the happiness – or well-being – of the person. But what, then, is well-being? Philosophers have given various answers to this question, and raised challenges to the coherence or utility of the notion itself. This course will survey the major philosophical theories of well-being.

This course is designed to provide students with the essentials of biology. Biology = Science of Life. What are we? What is Life? What do living things have in common? What makes us, us? Non-native English speakers are welcome. Consider taking this course if you want to learn Biology in English and interact with English speakers.

広く産学官にわたってグローバルに活躍するために必要な「俯瞰力」を養成することを目指す。物質科学の各分野について最先端の知識を修得し、自分の専門分野と周辺分野がどのように関連するか、あるいはし得るか、について深く考察するために、第一線で活躍する講師の方々にその分野の最前線を概観していただく。さらに、それらの講義を通して異分野間のコミュニケーションを円滑に進めるための具体的方法論を学ぶ。 This survey course is designed to enable students to develop the broad perspective that is required of global leaders working in and across industry, academia, and government. Students will gain knowledge and insight on advancements in each field of materials science research, given by leading researchers working on the frontline in those fields. This will allow students to consider how peripheral fields are related to their own area of expertise, and to consider the potential for forging bridges between related fields in the future. In addition, students will learn specific methodologies designed to facilitate smooth communication among different disciplines.

This course explores the persistent challenge of gender-based data disparities and their far-reaching consequences for society. Across various domains, from health and education to economic participation and political representation, the lack of gender-disaggregated data hinders our ability to understand and address the unique needs and experiences of women, girls, and gender-diverse individuals. Throughout the course, students will engage in discussions, readings, and a hands-on project that involves analyzing publicly available gender-segregated data. This will allow them to develop a deep understanding of the gender data gap and its implications, as well as practical skills in data analysis, visualization, and policy advocacy. This class will be taught in English and students will be expected to speak in English and complete assignments in English.

This course explores the persistent challenge of gender-based data disparities and their far-reaching consequences for society. Across various domains, from health and education to economic participation and political representation, the lack of gender-disaggregated data hinders our ability to understand and address the unique needs and experiences of women, girls, and gender-diverse individuals. Throughout the course, students will engage in discussions, readings, and a hands-on project that involves analyzing publicly available gender-segregated data. This will allow them to develop a deep understanding of the gender data gap and its implications, as well as practical skills in data analysis, visualization, and policy advocacy. This class will be taught in English and students will be expected to speak in English and complete assignments in English.

これまでの生物学・基礎生命科学研究の発展には、「モデル生物」が非常に重要な役割を果たしてきた。モデル生物とは、「大腸菌で正しいことは象でも正しい」という言葉に代表される生命現象制御メカニズムの普遍性を前提として、多くの研究者がさまざまな角度から集中的（および協力的または競争的）に研究するために選ばれた生物種である。これまでに、ファージ・大腸菌・ウニ・カエル・出芽酵母・線虫C. エレガンス・ショウジョウバエ・ゼブラフィッシュ・マウス・ラット・アカゲザル・シロイヌナズナ等が選ばれてきた。 しかし、これらの中には現在はほとんど研究対象として用いられていない生物種も存在する。また、過度に「モデル生物」に集中した研究の弊害も明らかになりつつある。（例えば、実験用ハツカネズミは野生のハツカネズミよりも遥かに飼育しやすいが、これは室内で「貴族的」に振る舞うように選択圧が掛けられた結果である可能性が高い。） 全ゲノム解析やゲノム編集、さらには細胞単位でのRNA発現解析が容易に行われるようになった現在において、何十年も前に選ばれた「モデル生物」を研究し続ける意味は存在するのであろうか？ 本講義では、モデル動物の"Big Four"の１つとして知られる線虫C. エレガンスを主な題材として、「なぜモデル生物として選ばれたか？」「その結果として何がなされたか？」「最先端の現場では何が行われているか？」「未来の研究のためには何が必要か？」について、講師・木村が関与した「老化」や「microRNA」に関わる遺伝学的解析および「刺激〜神経活動〜行動」の多次元計測とその解析を中心として整理する（詳細は、下記「その他」参照）。 その上で、上記の知見および受講者からの研究提案とそれに対する議論などを介して、「モデル生物」の意義や可能性を現在の生命科学研究の視点から問い直す。これらの活動の結果として、将来において受講者自身が独創的かつ本質的な生命科学の研究対象や研究手法を選択するための手掛かりを獲得することを、本授業の目標とする。 本授業は集中講義であり、開講時期は8/6（水）〜8（金）の３日間（２限〜５限）、授業は10:30 ~ 18:00を予定してる（終了時間は前後する可能性がある）。 The concept of "model organisms" has played a crucial role in the advancement of biological and life sciences research. Traditionally, model organisms have been selected based on the assumption that fundamental biological mechanisms are universal, allowing concentrated research efforts across various disciplines. Examples include bacteriophages, E. coli, sea urchins, frogs, yeast, C. elegans, fruit flies, zebrafish, mice, rats, macaques, and Arabidopsis thaliana. However, some of these organisms are now rarely used in research, and concerns have emerged regarding the limitations of relying too heavily on a small set of model species. Advances in genome sequencing, gene editing, and single-cell RNA analysis now allow researchers to explore a broader range of organisms, prompting the question: Does it still make sense to study model organisms chosen decades ago? This course will use the nematode C. elegans, one of the “Big Four” model animals, as a focal point to examine key questions: Why was it selected as a model organism? What scientific discoveries have resulted from its use? What cutting-edge research is being conducted today? And what is needed for the future of biological research? Discussions will center on the instructor’s work in genetics related to aging and microRNAs, as well as multi-dimensional analyses of neuronal activity and behavior. Through lectures, discussions, and student research proposals, this course will encourage a critical reassessment of the role of model organisms in modern life sciences. The goal is to provide students with insights that will help them make independent and innovative choices in their future research. Course Format: Intensive three-day course (August 6–8), covering periods 2–5 each day.

これまでの生物学・基礎生命科学研究の発展には、「モデル生物」が非常に重要な役割を果たしてきた。モデル生物とは、「大腸菌で正しいことは象でも正しい」という言葉に代表される生命現象制御メカニズムの普遍性を前提として、多くの研究者がさまざまな角度から集中的（および協力的または競争的）に研究するために選ばれた生物種である。これまでに、ファージ・大腸菌・ウニ・カエル・出芽酵母・線虫C. エレガンス・ショウジョウバエ・ゼブラフィッシュ・マウス・ラット・アカゲザル・シロイヌナズナ等が選ばれてきた。 しかし、これらの中には現在はほとんど研究対象として用いられていない生物種も存在する。また、過度に「モデル生物」に集中した研究の弊害も明らかになりつつある。（例えば、実験用ハツカネズミは野生のハツカネズミよりも遥かに飼育しやすいが、これは室内で「貴族的」に振る舞うように選択圧が掛けられた結果である可能性が高い。） 全ゲノム解析やゲノム編集、さらには細胞単位でのRNA発現解析が容易に行われるようになった現在において、何十年も前に選ばれた「モデル生物」を研究し続ける意味は存在するのであろうか？ 本講義では、モデル動物の"Big Four"の１つとして知られる線虫C. エレガンスを主な題材として、「なぜモデル生物として選ばれたか？」「その結果として何がなされたか？」「最先端の現場では何が行われているか？」「未来の研究のためには何が必要か？」について、講師・木村が関与した「老化」や「microRNA」に関わる遺伝学的解析および「刺激〜神経活動〜行動」の多次元計測とその解析を中心として整理する（詳細は、下記「その他」参照）。 その上で、上記の知見および受講者からの研究提案とそれに対する議論などを介して、「モデル生物」の意義や可能性を現在の生命科学研究の視点から問い直す。これらの活動の結果として、将来において受講者自身が独創的かつ本質的な生命科学の研究対象や研究手法を選択するための手掛かりを獲得することを、本授業の目標とする。 本授業は集中講義であり、開講時期は8/6（水）〜8（金）の３日間（２限〜５限）、授業は10:30 ~ 18:00を予定してる（終了時間は前後する可能性がある）。 The concept of "model organisms" has played a crucial role in the advancement of biological and life sciences research. Traditionally, model organisms have been selected based on the assumption that fundamental biological mechanisms are universal, allowing concentrated research efforts across various disciplines. Examples include bacteriophages, E. coli, sea urchins, frogs, yeast, C. elegans, fruit flies, zebrafish, mice, rats, macaques, and Arabidopsis thaliana. However, some of these organisms are now rarely used in research, and concerns have emerged regarding the limitations of relying too heavily on a small set of model species. Advances in genome sequencing, gene editing, and single-cell RNA analysis now allow researchers to explore a broader range of organisms, prompting the question: Does it still make sense to study model organisms chosen decades ago? This course will use the nematode C. elegans, one of the “Big Four” model animals, as a focal point to examine key questions: Why was it selected as a model organism? What scientific discoveries have resulted from its use? What cutting-edge research is being conducted today? And what is needed for the future of biological research? Discussions will center on the instructor’s work in genetics related to aging and microRNAs, as well as multi-dimensional analyses of neuronal activity and behavior. Through lectures, discussions, and student research proposals, this course will encourage a critical reassessment of the role of model organisms in modern life sciences. The goal is to provide students with insights that will help them make independent and innovative choices in their future research. Course Format: Intensive three-day course (August 6–8), covering periods 2–5 each day.