教育行財政学並びに教育（学校）経営学の基本事項について、現代の改革や国際比較の視点を交えながら学び理解を深めることを目標とする。村上が教育行政分野、勝野が教育（学校）経営分野、橋野が教育財政分野をそれぞれ担当する。この科目は教職課程における「教科に関する科目」（社）経済学（公）経済学（国際経済を含む）である。

Understand objectives and effects of key policies related to economic crises from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. Economic crises can be classified to (1) currency crisis or BOP crisis, (2) sovereign debt crisis, and (3) financial crisis. Students are expected to become familiar with issues that are common, as well as specific to, each type of economic crises. The first two types can be called as macroeconomic crisis, but recently many countries have experienced financial and macroeconomic crises at the same time. Therefore, students are also expected to recognize structural issues on (4) finance-macro linkages in crises. Lastly, this course will cover recent policy discussions developed since the global financial crisis of 2008.

Understand objectives and effects of key policies in international finance from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. In particular, this course focuses on a fundamental question: How does, and should, the international financial system play roles in two important macroeconomic phenomena, i.e., business cycle and economic growth? In addition, this course covers frequently discussed recent policy issues such as monetary union, international reserve, and spillovers of macroeconomic policies to other countries.

Real estate accounts for the majority of national wealth; in Japan, it accounts for 87% of the four quadrillion yen net worth. This enormous asset value represents the capitalized expenditures of individuals and organizations for the use of land and structures. Real estate research includes theoretical and empirical analysis of household decisions and business activities, such as homeownership, leasing, development, debt financing, equity investment, property management, and valuation. Research also evaluates public policy using the capitalized value of real estate through agglomeration, transportation, and other channels. Furthermore, research extends to the macroeconomic analysis of interest rates, inflation, asset bubbles, and financial crises. Thus, real estate research, which integrates financial, macro, business, and urban economics, is pragmatic yet theoretical, local yet international, and microeconomic yet macroeconomic. This course consists of a practical component for future policymakers and businesspeople and a research component for future researchers. The practical component provides an institutional understanding of real estate markets, financial analysis, and investment decisions, which also serves as a foundation for academic research. It combines lectures with in-class labs for hands-on learning The research component introduces theories, methods, and empirical findings through lectures and student presentations. Real estate finance also serves as a good prototype for learning general finance, including corporate finance and asset pricing.

Real estate accounts for the majority of national wealth; in Japan, it accounts for 87% of the four quadrillion yen net worth. This enormous asset value represents the capitalized expenditures of individuals and organizations for the use of land and structures. Real estate research includes theoretical and empirical analysis of household decisions and business activities, such as homeownership, leasing, development, debt financing, equity investment, property management, and valuation. Research also evaluates public policy using the capitalized value of real estate through agglomeration, transportation, and other channels. Furthermore, research extends to the macroeconomic analysis of interest rates, inflation, asset bubbles, and financial crises. Thus, real estate research, which integrates financial, macro, business, and urban economics, is pragmatic yet theoretical, local yet international, and microeconomic yet macroeconomic. This course consists of a practical component for future policymakers and businesspeople and a research component for future researchers. The practical component provides an institutional understanding of real estate markets, financial analysis, and investment decisions, which also serves as a foundation for academic research. It combines lectures with in-class labs for hands-on learning The research component introduces theories, methods, and empirical findings through lectures and student presentations. Real estate finance also serves as a good prototype for learning general finance, including corporate finance and asset pricing.

Real estate accounts for the majority of national wealth; in Japan, it accounts for 87% of the four quadrillion yen net worth. This enormous asset value represents the capitalized expenditures of individuals and organizations for the use of land and structures. Real estate research includes theoretical and empirical analysis of household decisions and business activities, such as homeownership, leasing, development, debt financing, equity investment, property management, and valuation. Research also evaluates public policy using the capitalized value of real estate through agglomeration, transportation, and other channels. Furthermore, research extends to the macroeconomic analysis of interest rates, inflation, asset bubbles, and financial crises. Thus, real estate research, which integrates financial, macro, business, and urban economics, is pragmatic yet theoretical, local yet international, and microeconomic yet macroeconomic. This course consists of a practical component for future policymakers and businesspeople and a research component for future researchers. The practical component provides an institutional understanding of real estate markets, financial analysis, and investment decisions, which also serves as a foundation for academic research. It combines lectures with in-class labs for hands-on learning The research component introduces theories, methods, and empirical findings through lectures and student presentations. Real estate finance also serves as a good prototype for learning general finance, including corporate finance and asset pricing.

この授業では、教育行政・学校経営に関する制度・政策や最近の動向について、文献講読を通じて理解を深めることを目的とする。2年次開講の概論科目「教育行財政学」の教育行財政分野の内容をより深める、もしくは概論では十分に扱えなかったが重要なトピックを取り上げる。

国家は、我々の日常生活の隅々にまで浸透している。犯罪の取り締まりや年金の給付といった業務を担う中央省庁や地方自治体の行政活動が行われなければ、多くの人の暮らしは成り立たないだろう。その一方で、国家は薬害事件を引き起こし、必要のない道路を作り、原子力発電所のメルトダウンを防ぐことに失敗する。このため、我々の生活に欠かすことができない存在であるはずの国家は、同時に、常に批判の対象となってきた。 それでは、こうした国家の失敗は、なぜ生じるのか。近年まで、この問いに対する典型的な回答は、その原因を官僚制の権力に求める考え方であった。「政治主導」のスローガンの下、市民の代表者である政治家の権限を強化し、官僚制を統制できるようにすれば、より民主的で、効率的な行政活動が行われるようになると広く信じられていたのである。 だが、今般の新型コロナウイルスの流行をめぐる混乱の中で、政治家の権限を強化するだけでは国家権力を有効に行使することはできないことが明らかになり、こうした議論は大きく後景に退いた。それに代わって浮上したのは、いかにして感染状況に関する情報を収集し、それに対応する組織を整備し、組織を運営する人材を育成し、そのための財源を確保するかといった論点である。それは、官僚制の権力ではなく、国家の能力の問題であると言い換えてもよい。 行政学とは、まさにこの国家の能力を正面から扱う学問分野である。少なくとも19世紀後半以降、国家による行政活動の範囲は洋の東西を問わず持続的に拡大してきた。欧米諸国を中心とする民主主義体制の広がりに力点を置いた歴史観からすれば反直感的であるが、選挙で選ばれた政治家が統治する今日の国家は、将軍や皇帝といった世襲の君主が統治していた時代に比べて、遥かに大きな組織を持ち、市民生活に深く介入している。その意味で、今般のコロナ禍において、改めて国家の能力の強化に向けた動きが生じているのは、決して新しい現象ではない。 そうだとすれば、国家が権力を行使するということを、民主国家に暮らしているはずの人々が当たり前のように受け入れているのは、なぜなのか。それは、いつ頃から、どのような理由で生じた現象なのか。今日、国家権力が有効に行使されない理由があるとすれば、それは何か。この授業では行政という現象を長い歴史の中で捉えることを通じて、国家権力に対する理解を深めることを目指したい。

This is a hybrid course with two main learning objectives. First, students will gain a better understanding of corporate finance by studying the nature of firms, capital structure, corporate investment, corporate governance, and payout policy. Second students will enhance their ability to write in an academic environment. This component of the course has three sub-objectives. First, students will develop an ability to search for academic literature. Second, students will develop an ability to use the LaTeX typesetting software to produce professional-looking academic documents. And third, students will refine their ability to write clearly by producing academic-oriented reports; these will include: summaries, mock referee reports, and research proposals.

本授業では、アメリカの教育制度・政策の変遷や現代的動向について学び、日本との比較も取り入れながら、その特徴や課題について考察することにより、教育行政のあり方について多面的に理解できるようになることを目的とする。