地球内部の動的現象（プレート運動，地震・火山活動，地殻変動，マントル対流，コア対流など）の実相と，それにかかわる物理的・化学的な理論・素過程を学ぶ．本講義を通して，地球のダイナミックな営みのメカニズムや時空間スケールを定量的に考察し，個々の地学現象をより正確に理解することを目指す．それにより，惑星「地球」の現在進行中の現象のみならず，歴史と未来を俯瞰することができるようになる． We learn dynamic processes of the Earth's interior (including plate motion, earthquake/volcanism, crustal deformation, mantle convection, core convection) and the physical-chemical theory and elemental processes behind them. Through quantitatively analyzing the mechanisms and processes in time and space, we aim to understand the individual geologic phenomena accurately, based on which on-going processes on the planet Earth, as well as their history and future, will be overviewed.

地球内部の動的現象（プレート運動，地震・火山活動，地殻変動，マントル対流，コア対流など）の実相と，それにかかわる物理的・化学的な理論・素過程を学ぶ．本講義を通して，地球のダイナミックな営みのメカニズムや時空間スケールを定量的に考察し，個々の地学現象をより正確に理解することを目指す．それにより，惑星「地球」の現在進行中の現象のみならず，歴史と未来を俯瞰することができるようになる． We learn dynamic processes of the Earth's interior (including plate motion, earthquake/volcanism, crustal deformation, mantle convection, core convection) and the physical-chemical theory and elemental processes behind them. Through quantitatively analyzing the mechanisms and processes in time and space, we aim to understand the individual geologic phenomena accurately, based on which on-going processes on the planet Earth, as well as their history and future, will be overviewed.

The development and diffusion of science innovative technologies is indispensable for modern society. However, despite its benefits, the development of science and technology is not without various risks and social problems. So far as we are going to make societal decisions for the use of science and technologies with diverse social implications that encompass both risks and benefits, sometimes involving values implications, there is a need for mechanisms of decision making and management of the development and utilization of science and technology. Decisions can be different depending on environmental, institutional and cultural conditions. In addition, innovative policy instruments/ mechanisms to deal with rapidly changing science and technology, including regulatory measures, are required for implementing decisions. This course will deal with wide range of issues from local to global levels faced at the interface areas between science, technology and public policy from comparative perspective of Japan, the US and Europe. It offers key theoretical issues surrounding Science and Technology and provides students with the tools and frameworks, such as risk assessment/ management and transition management, to analyze them. This course invites students from both natural science backgrounds (i.e. the graduate school of engineering, new frontier science and so on) and social science backgrounds (graduate school of public policy, law and politics, and economics and public policy). We expect students to acquire interdisciplinary perspective in addition to their primary major, which is one of the critical skill in analyzing complex social technical issues posed by science and technology.

This course will deal with wide range of issues from local to global levels faced at the interface areas between science, technology and public policy from comparative perspective of Japan, the US and Europe. It offers key theoretical issues surrounding Science and Technology and provides students with the tools and frameworks, such as risk assessment/ management and transition management, to analyze them. This course invites students from both natural science backgrounds (i.e. the graduate school of engineering, new frontier science and so on) and social science backgrounds (graduate school of public policy, law and politics, and economics and public policy). We expect students to acquire interdisciplinary perspective in addition to their primary major, which is one of the critical skill in analyzing complex social technical issues posed by science and technology.

Course Objectives. The purpose of this class is for those who have not studied economics to acquire basic knowledge of microeconomics. Overview. This course covers the introductory microeconomics to students who are not majoring in Economics. It provides key concepts, economic ideas, and a framework for learning about microeconomics. The course places primary emphasis on the role of market, and then analyzes the role of government in the market.

The course will take an intersectional approach to why we commonly find an underrepresentation of women in the Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) fields. The course will begin by addressing our own unconscious biases and stereotypes, and question the research behind male and female differences. We will cover the brief history of the underrepresentation of minorities and explore research articles on why and how women and other minorities have been excluded from STEM fields. Students will be expected to read scientific articles, discuss them, and apply those concepts to examine their own social environments.

The course will take an intersectional approach to why we commonly find an underrepresentation of women in the Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) fields. The course will begin by addressing our own unconscious biases and stereotypes, and question the research behind male and female differences. We will cover the brief history of the underrepresentation of minorities and explore research articles on why and how women and other minorities have been excluded from STEM fields. Students will be expected to read scientific articles, discuss them, and apply those concepts to examine their own social environments.

This course covers the fundamentals of economic analysis of public sector ("public economics"). Specifically, it provides an overview of the key theorem, hypothesis, and the concept in micro- and macroeconomic public policy analyses. Particular emphasis is directed at developing tools that can be applied theoretically to clarify essential economic concerns in the current public sector. Such concerns include the social welfare and equality, externality, public goods, taxation, regulation, rent-seeking, public debt, and fiscal sustainability.

This course uses a genre theory approach to examine how popular writing about science and technology reflects and shapes social structures. Students will investigate how science and technology are defined, how they differ from other kinds of knowledge-making, and what roles they play in society. The readings, writing assignments, and discussions will help students to analyze how texts implicitly and explicitly address these questions, thus developing their ability to assess and communicate scientific and technological concepts for a broad audience. Students taking this course should anticipate completing weekly reading and writing tasks outside of class in preparation for the in-class lecture and discussion. Goal 4: Quality education Goal 9: Industry, innovation and infrastructure Goal 16: Peace, justice, and strong institutions Goal 17: Partnerships for the goals (other goals depending on class readings)