Understand objectives and effects of key policies in international finance from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. In particular, this course focuses on a fundamental question: How does, and should, the international financial system play roles in two important macroeconomic phenomena, i.e., business cycle and economic growth? In addition, this course covers frequently discussed recent policy issues such as monetary union, international reserve, and spillovers of macroeconomic policies to other countries.

1. Objectives 1) this course aims to gain a deep insight into and understanding of how to get numbers relating to GHG emissions and climate-related risks. Numbers related to climate-related risks and opportunities are more available, but more information is needed to calculate them. Knowing it is worth getting a deeper understanding of the climate-related information disclosure framework as a businessperson and conducting studies and analyses on climate-related topics as a researcher. In this course, I mainly treat quantification of GHG emissions and climate-related risks and opportunities based on scenario analysis. 2) The lecturer has been involved in climate-related finance at public banks and the World Bank for a long time and is now working for an asset management company to engage with invested companies on climate—and ESG-related agendas. Another objective of this course is to share the latest discussion and outlook in this field with students so that this course will provide some hints for finding research questions and methodology for analysis in their thesis. 2. Overview 1) In this course, students will learn how to calculate scopes 1, 2, and 3, how to calculate transition risks and physical risks of the individual company and financed emissions of the portfolio based on PCAF methodology, how to get Implausible Temperature Rise (ITR), how to quantify portfolio-based transition (TVaR) and physical risks (PVaR), and how to analyze the impact of climate-related risks on the macro economy referring to the NGFS framework. 2) This course is primarily for students who are interested in calculating GHG emissions and climate-related risks and analyzing them using those methodologies.

Real estate accounts for the majority of national wealth; in Japan, it accounts for 87% of the four quadrillion yen net worth. This enormous asset value represents the capitalized expenditures of individuals and organizations for the use of land and structures. Real estate research includes theoretical and empirical analysis of household decisions and business activities, such as homeownership, leasing, development, debt financing, equity investment, property management, and valuation. Research also evaluates public policy using the capitalized value of real estate through agglomeration, transportation, and other channels. Furthermore, research extends to the macroeconomic analysis of interest rates, inflation, asset bubbles, and financial crises. Thus, real estate research, which integrates financial, macro, business, and urban economics, is pragmatic yet theoretical, local yet international, and microeconomic yet macroeconomic. This course consists of a practical component for future policymakers and businesspeople and a research component for future researchers. The practical component provides an institutional understanding of real estate markets, financial analysis, and investment decisions, which also serves as a foundation for academic research. It combines lectures with in-class labs for hands-on learning The research component introduces theories, methods, and empirical findings through lectures and student presentations. Real estate finance also serves as a good prototype for learning general finance, including corporate finance and asset pricing.

Real estate accounts for the majority of national wealth; in Japan, it accounts for 87% of the four quadrillion yen net worth. This enormous asset value represents the capitalized expenditures of individuals and organizations for the use of land and structures. Real estate research includes theoretical and empirical analysis of household decisions and business activities, such as homeownership, leasing, development, debt financing, equity investment, property management, and valuation. Research also evaluates public policy using the capitalized value of real estate through agglomeration, transportation, and other channels. Furthermore, research extends to the macroeconomic analysis of interest rates, inflation, asset bubbles, and financial crises. Thus, real estate research, which integrates financial, macro, business, and urban economics, is pragmatic yet theoretical, local yet international, and microeconomic yet macroeconomic. This course consists of a practical component for future policymakers and businesspeople and a research component for future researchers. The practical component provides an institutional understanding of real estate markets, financial analysis, and investment decisions, which also serves as a foundation for academic research. It combines lectures with in-class labs for hands-on learning The research component introduces theories, methods, and empirical findings through lectures and student presentations. Real estate finance also serves as a good prototype for learning general finance, including corporate finance and asset pricing.

Real estate accounts for the majority of national wealth; in Japan, it accounts for 87% of the four quadrillion yen net worth. This enormous asset value represents the capitalized expenditures of individuals and organizations for the use of land and structures. Real estate research includes theoretical and empirical analysis of household decisions and business activities, such as homeownership, leasing, development, debt financing, equity investment, property management, and valuation. Research also evaluates public policy using the capitalized value of real estate through agglomeration, transportation, and other channels. Furthermore, research extends to the macroeconomic analysis of interest rates, inflation, asset bubbles, and financial crises. Thus, real estate research, which integrates financial, macro, business, and urban economics, is pragmatic yet theoretical, local yet international, and microeconomic yet macroeconomic. This course consists of a practical component for future policymakers and businesspeople and a research component for future researchers. The practical component provides an institutional understanding of real estate markets, financial analysis, and investment decisions, which also serves as a foundation for academic research. It combines lectures with in-class labs for hands-on learning The research component introduces theories, methods, and empirical findings through lectures and student presentations. Real estate finance also serves as a good prototype for learning general finance, including corporate finance and asset pricing.

People have to live with food safety risk under global economy. There are lot of arguments for and against pesticides, GMOs, food additives etc. from the view point of food safety. Objective of this class is to learn the meaning of ‘food safety and risk” at the beginning, and then learn the international framework of food safety with risk assessment, risk management and risk communication. The students learn the characteristics of hazards and effective control measure, and how to govern or live with risk under risk society. Introduction and several case studies on risk assessment and risk management are also provided on microbiological risk(food poisoning and infectious disease), food allergy, GMOs, clone meat, agricultural chemicals(ex. pesticides), food additives, dietary supplements and newly introduced nano-tech foods by advanced technology.

Understand objectives and effects of key policies related to economic crises from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. Economic crises can be classified to (1) currency crisis or BOP crisis, (2) sovereign debt crisis, and (3) financial crisis. Students are expected to become familiar with issues that are common, as well as specific to, each type of economic crises. The first two types can be called as macroeconomic crisis, but recently many countries have experienced financial and macroeconomic crises at the same time. Therefore, students are also expected to recognize structural issues on (4) finance-macro linkages in crises. Lastly, this course will cover recent policy discussions developed since the global financial crisis of 2008.

　本講義では、現代社会の最重要課題の一つである気候変動問題について、受講生が最新の研究知見を含めて俯瞰的に学び、自ら考える契機を得ることを目標とする。 　地球の気候システムはさまざまな時間スケールで変動しており、それにかかわる海洋環境の変化や極端気象の発生などの自然現象は、生態系はもちろん農林水産業といった人間社会の営みに影響してきた。20世紀後半以降、気候の温暖化が顕著となり、科学的な評価にもとづき、産業革命以降の文明社会が排出してきた温室効果ガスがその主な原因であることが明らかになっている。温暖化による社会への負の影響を最小限に抑えるため、2050年までに二酸化炭素の正味排出をゼロにするカーボンニュートラルが国際的な流れとなってきた。 　気候変動あるいは地球温暖化の問題は、もはや自然科学の枠を超えている。気候変動を理解し予測する理学的なアプローチ、気候変動の影響を明らかにする水文学・農学・水産学・生物学・医学等のアプローチ、カーボンニュートラルを実現する工学的なアプローチに加えて、将来の社会の在り方に依存する温室効果ガスの排出経路推定、気候正義に代表される社会の格差解消に対する公共政策、個人から組織、国家までのさまざまな階層でカーボンニュートラルを達成するための行動変容、制度構築など、人文社会科学的なアプローチを組み合わせたトランスフォーマティブサイエンスの実施が必要である。 　そこで本講義では、変わりゆく気候のもとで持続可能な社会を実現するための分野横断的な自然科学・社会科学・人文学研究を俯瞰する。

広く産学官にわたってグローバルに活躍するために必要な「俯瞰力」を養成することを目指す。物質科学の各分野について最先端の知識を修得し、自分の専門分野と周辺分野がどのように関連するか、あるいはし得るか、について深く考察するために、第一線で活躍する講師の方々にその分野の最前線を概観していただく。さらに、それらの講義を通して異分野間のコミュニケーションを円滑に進めるための具体的方法論を学ぶ。 This survey course is designed to enable students to develop the broad perspective that is required of global leaders working in and across industry, academia, and government. Students will gain knowledge and insight on advancements in each field of materials science research, given by leading researchers working on the frontline in those fields. This will allow students to consider how peripheral fields are related to their own area of expertise, and to consider the potential for forging bridges between related fields in the future. In addition, students will learn specific methodologies designed to facilitate smooth communication among different disciplines.

The development and diffusion of science innovative technologies is indispensable for modern society. However, despite its benefits, the development of science and technology is not without various risks and social problems. So far as we are going to make societal decisions for the use of science and technologies with diverse social implications that encompass both risks and benefits, sometimes involving values implications, there is a need for mechanisms of decision making and management of the development and utilization of science and technology. Decisions can be different depending on environmental, institutional and cultural conditions. In addition, innovative policy instruments/ mechanisms to deal with rapidly changing science and technology, including regulatory measures, are required for implementing decisions. This course will deal with wide range of issues from local to global levels faced at the interface areas between science, technology and public policy from comparative perspective of Japan, the US and Europe. It offers key theoretical issues surrounding Science and Technology and provides students with the tools and frameworks, such as risk assessment/ management and transition management, to analyze them. This course invites students from both natural science backgrounds (i.e. the graduate school of engineering, new frontier science and so on) and social science backgrounds (graduate school of public policy, law and politics, and economics and public policy). We expect students to acquire interdisciplinary perspective in addition to their primary major, which is one of the critical skill in analyzing complex social technical issues posed by science and technology.