進化古生物学

第1回 古生物学と周辺科学, 化石とその保存（タフォノミー）：古生物学史の概略，化石の種類，化石鉱脈，化石記録の不完全性. 1. Introduction to paleotology and related fields, fossils and their preservation (taphonomy): breif summary of history of paleontological research, various kinds of fossil preservation, fossil lagerstätten, incompleteness of the fossil record. 第2回 個体の成長：硬組織の成長タイプ，絶対成長と相対成長，アロメトリーとその進化学的意義. 2. Growth of individuals: types of the growth of hard tissues, negative vs relative growths, allometry and its evolutionary significance. 第3回 集団と変異：集団内の表現型変異のタイプ，集団遺伝学の基礎概念. 3. Population and variation: types of phenotypic variations within a population, basic concepts of population genetics. 第4回 自然淘汰と小進化：遺伝的浮動，自然選択と淘汰の種類. 4. Natural selection and micro-evolution: genetic drift, natural selection and kinds of selection. 第5回 種の概念と系統学の理論：様々な種概念，種分化のメカニズム，形態に基づく系統推定法. 5. Species concepts and theories of phylogenetics: various species concepts, mechanisms of speciation, method for phylogenetic inferences based on morphology. 第6回 分類と命名規約：分類体系に関する議論，単系統群と側系統群，動物命名規約とPhylocode. 6. Taxonomy and code of nomenclature: discussion on the taxonomic system, monophyletic clade and paraphyletic group, International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and Phylocode. 第7回 大進化：進化パターンの種類とそのメカニズム，種選択，selectionとsortingの区別，大規模な形態変化を引き起こすメカニズム. Macro-evolution: various evolutionary patterns and mechanisms behind them, species selection, distinction between selection and sorting, mechanisms driving a large-scale morphological changes. 第8回 適応と形態進化: aptation, adaptation, exaptationの区別とその古生物学における例，相同とホモプラシー，系統学的比較法. 8. Adaptation and morphological evolution: distinction among aptation, adaptation and exaptation and paleontological examples, homology and homoplasy, phylogenetic comparative methods. 第9回 機能形態学：パラダイム法とそれ以降の研究例の紹介，系統関係の情報との組み合わせによる進化形態学研究の現在. 9. Functional morphology: Paradigm method and later examples, current research in evolutionary morphology combining information on fossil specimens and phylogenetic relationships. 第10回 古生態学：生態学の基本概念，生痕化石とIchonofacies，化石記録に基づく動物生態の復元，地質時代を通じた生態系の変遷. 10. Paleoecology: basic concepts in ecology, trace fossils and ichnofacies, paleoecological recontructions based on the fossil record, changes in the ecosystem through the geologic time. 第11回 生物多様性の変遷：生物多様性変化に関する理論，Sepkoski Curveとその理論モデル，生命史における大イベント. 11. Changes in biodiversity: theories on changes in biodiversity, Sepkopski Curve and its theoretical model, major events in history of life. 第12回 古生物地理学：動物区の区別，生物の地理的分布の制限要因，多様性の地理的パターン，分断生物地理学と系統学的推定法，Great American Interchange. 12: Paleobiogeography: distinction of faunal regions, factors constraining geographic distributions of organisms, geographic patterns of biodiversity, vicariance biogeography and its method based on phylogenetic relationships of organisms, Great American Interchange. 第13回 大量絶滅：５大絶滅イベント（特に生物の応答について），絶滅からの生態系の回復プロセス，人類の影響下での過去の絶滅. 13. Mass extinction events: Big Five (especially focused on biological responses), recovery process of the ecosystem from a mass extinction event, past extinction under human influences.

配布資料およびパワーポイントを用いた通常講義 Lectures using handouts and powerpoint presenations

期末試験、出席点 Final exams and attendence record

なし None

D. J. Futuyma & M. Kirkpatrock. Evolution. 4th edition. Sinauer.

特になし None