系外惑星特論Ⅱ

1) Introduction This chapter provides an overview of the history of exoplanetary science and also outlines the course structure and objectives, establishing a roadmap for the key topics covered throughout this advanced lecture series. 2) The Solar System This chapter reviews the fundamental characteristics of our Solar System. By examining the properties of Solar System objects and their architecture, we establish a critical baseline for comparing the diverse configurations observed in exoplanetary systems. 3) Classic Theories of Planet Formation This chapter provides a general review of classical theories of planet formation. We will revisit fundamental processes, including the evolution of protoplanetary disks, the growth of protoplanets, and gas accretion, to establish a solid theoretical foundation for understanding the origins of various planetary systems. 4) Host Stars This chapter focuses on the fundamental physics of stars as planetary hosts. Topics include stellar internal structure, evolutionary tracks, and spectral classification. It will also cover the chemical compositions of stellar atmospheres and the characteristics of stellar activity. 5) Exoplanet Detection Methods This chapter reviews major detection techniques, such as radial velocity and transit photometry, as covered in Course I. We will summarize their physical principles and revisit their observational biases to ensure a solid understanding of how these methods shape our current census of exoplanetary systems. 6) Statistical Properties of Exoplanets This chapter explores exoplanet demographics by examining occurrence rates as a function of orbital period and stellar properties. Specifically, we will investigate how these distributions correlate with host star mass and metallicity to identify the physical mechanisms that drive the diversity of planetary systems. 7) State-of-the-art Theories of Planet Formation and Evolution This chapter explores contemporary advancements in planetary formation and evolution. We will discuss modern formation models, such as pebble accretion, and investigate post-formation processes, including planet migration and dynamical instabilities, to understand how these mechanisms collectively shape the diverse architectures of observed exoplanetary systems. 8) Planetary Interiors & Atmospheres This chapter explores the physical structure and chemical composition of exoplanets. We will examine interior models using the state-of-the-art equations of state and investigate the vertical structure and radiative processes of planetary atmospheres. Understanding these internal and atmospheric states is crucial for characterizing the diverse nature of observed exoplanets. 9) Exoplanet Characterization This chapter examines current methods for characterizing exoplanets, primarily through transmission and emission spectroscopy. We will discuss recent findings from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and ground-based observatories, focusing on atmospheric compositions, cloud properties, and chemical diversity that reveal the complex nature of other worlds. 10) Surface Environments & Habitability This chapter examines the physical conditions required for planetary habitability, focusing on surface environments and the stability of liquid water. We will discuss climate models to assess how planetary and stellar properties collectively determine the environments that are habitable for life. 11) Latest Research Results This chapter explores the latest breakthroughs and discoveries in the rapidly evolving field of exoplanetary science. By reviewing recently published research and preliminary findings, we will discuss how these new insights challenge current paradigms and inspire future directions for exploration. 12) Future Prospects & Summary This chapter summarizes the course and outlines the future roadmap of exoplanetary science. We will explore upcoming missions and next-generation observatories, discussing how these technological advancements will enable us to address remaining fundamental questions and push the frontiers of our understanding of other worlds.

This course is conducted through in-person lectures using a combination of presentation slides and whiteboard derivations.

The final grade will be determined based on regular quizzes administered throughout the semester.

Completion of Exoplanets Advanced Course I is not required but is highly recommended. This course assumes a basic understanding of the fundamental concepts introduced in Course I, which will serve as a foundation for the more advanced discussions presented in this course.