代表的な入門書としては,
[1] Williams, D. (1991): Probability with martingales. Cambridge Mathematical
Textbooks. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
[2] Jacod, J. and P. Protter (2003): Probability essentials. Universitext. Springer-
Verlag, Berlin, 2nd ed.
[3] Durrett, R. (2010): Probability: theory and examples. Cambridge Series in
Statistical and Probabilistic Mathematics. Cambridge University Press, Cam-
bridge, 4th ed.
もう少し深い and/or 詳しいものとしては
[4] Dudley, R. M. (2002): Real analysis and probability, Cambridge Studies in Advanced Mathematics, vol. 74. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Revised reprint of the 1989 original.
[5] Klenke, A. (2014): Probability theory. Universitext. Springer, London, 2nd ed.
A comprehensive course.
[6] Stroock, D. W. (2011): Probability theory. An analytic view. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2nd ed.
など. その他適宜講義中に紹介する.